Welding rod and the like



- Patented Mar. 24, 1936 PATENT OFFICE WELDING ROD AND THE LIKE Edward S. Bunn, Rome, N. Y., assignor to Revere Copper and Brass Incorporated, Home, N. Y., a corporation of Maryland N Drawing.

Application July 6, 1935,

Serial No. 30,168

12 Claims.

This application is a continuation in part of my co-pending application Serial No. 16,253, filed April 13, 1935.

My invention, which relates to welding and metals for welding purposes and particularly to welding rods, will be best understood from the following description of several examples of welding rods according to the invention.

Brass has long been recognized as possessing desirable characteristics which, if they could be availed of, would render it suitable for weld metal. However, the attempt heretofore to use brass for this purpose has been unsuccessful due to the fuming of the zinc content during the welding operation, which fuming besides being objectionable to the operator has resulted in a porous weld metal deficient in strength. This fuming is noticeable in brass and other alloys containing any appreciable amount of zinc, and is particularly noticeable when the amount of zinc exceeds Applicant has found that the turning of zinc in brass and other welding rods may be practically eliminated by substituting for part of the zinc small quantities of metal of the group comprising vanadium, titanium and zirconium. It is possible to employ for this purpose up to 5% of any one of these metals or combinations of them. Ordinarily from 0.05 to 1% of the metal will secure satisfactory results when the zinc is in amount up to 50%. Noticeable efiects are secured with the metal as low as 0.005%. In general any amount of the metal from 0.05 to 1% will insure from a practical standpoint prevention of fuming in brass of any zinc content, preferably however about 0.1% being employed.

The invention is particularly applicable to any copper alloy having more than about 40% copper and containing zinc. Preferably, however, in the practice of the invention when the metal base of the rod is essentially brass, other metals, such as iron and nickel, are substituted .for part of the copper of the brass for imparting desirable characteristics to the metal of the weld.

Iron may be employed for imparting hardness to the weld metal. Ordinarily suflicient hardness will be'secured when the alloy contains from 1 to 2% iron, resulting in the production of a weld metal which has a dense hard surface. when 50 it contains iron, the rod may be satisfactorily employed for building up worn parts which are to be subsequently machined. Appreciable effects in this respect will be secured with the iron content as low as 0.25% of the alloy, and ordinarily the amount of iron should not exceed 3%.

Nickel influences the strength of the bond, particularly when iron is present. Ordinarily about 2% nickel will secure satisfactory results. Appreciable results, however, will be secured with as low as 0.25% nickel, and ordinarily the nickel 5 should not exceed 5% of the alloy.

When iron and nickel are employed within the above mentioned ranges, best results will be secured when the sum of the copper, iron and nickel is between and 65% of the alloy. It will 10 be understood, however, that it is possible to employ brass without the iron and nickel as, for example, 50:50 to 65:35 brass, that is to say, brass with 50 to 65% copper, provided vanadium, titanium or zirconium, or combinations of these,

within the ranges above mentioned, stituted for part of the zinc.

To insure against any deleterious effects of impurities, such as oxides, or sulphur which tend to combine with the nickel, small amounts of 20 manganese may be incorporated for deoxidizing the other metals and for taking up sulphur. Preferably the amount of manganese added'to the melt should not exceed 1%, it being understood, of course, that where impurities are not present, 25 no manganese need be employed. Ordinarily the amount of manganese in the welding rod should not exceed about 0.5%.

An excellent alloy for welding rods having all around properties of density, strength and hard- 30 ness and the absence of fuming consists of approximately copper,57%, iron 1 to 2% nickel 2%, vanadium 0.1%, manganese, if present, not exceeding 0.2%, zinc the balance.

It will be understood that wide deviations may 35 be made from the embodiments of the invention herein described without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. The method of minimizing fuming in weld- 40 ing rods and the like containing up to 50% zinc with the balance predominantly copper which comprises alloying with the metal of the rod appreciable amounts up to 5% of metal of the group comprising vanadium, titanium and zirconium.

2. The method of minimizing fuming in cop per base welding rods and the like containing up to 50% alloyed zinc which comprises alloying with the metal of the rod appreciable amounts up to 5% vanadium. 50

3. Welding rods and the like containing amounts of zinc up to 50% and appreciable amounts up to 5% ,of metal of the group comprising vanadium, titanium and zirconium, with the balance predominantly copper, and charare subzinc content as compared to binary brass rods of the same zinc content.

5. Welding rods and the like containing approximately to 65% copper, balance predominantly zinc, and appreciable amounts up to 1% of metal of the group comprising vanadium, ti-' tanium and zirconium.

6. Welding rods and the like containing :50 to :35 brass and 0.005 to 1% metal of the group comprising vanadium, titanium and zirconium.

7. Welding rods and the like containing copper, nickel, iron, zinc, and metal of the group comprising vanadium, titanium and zirconium in approximately the following ranges and proportions: copper 42 to 64.5%, nickel 0.25 to 5%, iron 0.25 to 3%, metal of said group 0.005 to 1%, balance predominantly zinc, the sum of the copper, nickel and iron being approximately 50 to 65%.

8. Welding rods and the like containing copper, nickel, iron, zinc and vanadium in approximately the following ranges and proportions: copper 43 to 63.8%, nickel 0.25 to 5%, iron 1 to 2%, vanadium 0.005 to 1%, balance predominantly zinc.

9. Welding rods and the like having, approximately, 57% copper, 2% nickel, 1 to 2% iron, 0.005 to 1% vanadium, balance substantially all 10. Welding rods and the like according to claim 7 containing appreciable amounts up to 1% manganese.

11. Welding rods and the like according to claim 8 containing appreciable amounts up to 1% manganese.

12. Welding rods and the like according to claim 9 containing appreciable amounts up to 1% manganese.

EDWARD S. BUNN. 

